Tips

Please make sure you have taken time to fully read the Author Instructions linked from the login page. These instructions are designed to give you everything you need to get started with online submission for this journal.

In addition, you can click on the help signs spread throughout the system at any time for context-sensitive assistance. Should further help be required, please contact the Journal's Office.

What are the best File Types for artwork submission?
What software do you recommend when generating artwork?
Why is it unadvisable to bookmark this site?
What is the best browser to use?
How do I know if I've got a slow Internet connection?
What is a cookie and why do you use them?
Why can't I do an email submission?
What is my Manuscript Home Page?
What about Macintosh and Linux Operating Systems?
I have never used the system. How do I have a password?
Why do you convert manuscripts into "PDF"
What if PDF conversion fails? What if I want to make changes to my manuscript post submission?
How secure is this site?
How much time will it take to submit online?
What does "uploading" mean?

Bitmap
CMYK
Compression
DPI
EPS
Export
"File Format"
GIF
Grayscale
Halftone
Hardcopy
JPEG
Layers
Line Art
PICT
PostScript
Resolution
RGB
RTF
Screen Resolution
TIFF or TIF
Vector
Video

Digital Art Preparation

Artwork Software

We suggest you use a standard application such as Photoshop or Illustrator. Most programs used for making images into suitable files (see above) will have their own internal Help functions and manuals for use. However, you may find the items below useful while preparing your artwork:

SAVE AS
This is found under the "File" menu. There should be a drop down list of all the formats that can be used. Then save the file in your preferred format. Some of the formats may not be available; this is often due to being in the wrong color mode or when the file has layers (in which case you should flatten the image before saving).

EXPORT
This should also be found under the "File" menu. This is similar to "Save as" but there are often more options (such as transparency settings) for how to save the file. This is often used to transfer files to other programs. Only some programs have this option.

COPY AND PASTE/DRAG AND DROP
This involves copying information from one file or program to another. "Copy" and "Paste" functions can be found under the "Edit" menu in the majority of applications, or by selecting an item and then using Ctrl+C (for copy) and Ctrl+V (for paste) on your keyboard.

Back to Common Questions

Please size the artwork according to the ratio at which you expect it to be reproduced for publication. (You may wish to use the printed journal column width as a guide.) Do not embed figures in the text of the manuscript with your word processing software. Images from PowerPoint are not usually suitable quality, as their resolution is too low for print. Figures must meet the minimum resolution standards as described below to reproduce well in print.

Requirements by Image Type
Average Column Width

Editing TIF files using Adobe Photoshop
Adjusting Colorspace
Adjusting Resolution
Adjusting Image Size
Image assembly
Save and Compress
Troubleshooting Large Images

Editing EPS files using Adobe Illustrator
Adjusting Colorspace
Adjusting Resolution
Adjusting Image Size
Troubleshooting Large Images

Converting from PowerPoint or Excel

Fonts

Preflighting with Rapid Inspector

Requirements by Image Type:
Halftone Art (images containing pictures only, e.g., blots, photographs, etc). May be color or black and white.

Colorspace:

• For color art: RGB (8-bits per channel).
• For Black and White art: Grayscale (8-bits per channel)

Line Art or Monochrome Art (used for graphs, charts, or anything in black and white that involves sharply delineated lines).
Colorspace: Bitmap
Format: Vector EPS provides better quality in print and online. Please note: Photoshop EPS files are raster images. Illustrator EPS files are vector EPS.
Resolution: For raster images,1200 DPI/PPI minimum. Illustrator vector EPS files are resolution independent.

Combination Art (images containing halftone and line art)

Colorspace:

• For color art: RGB (8-bits per channel).
• For Black and White art: Grayscale (8-bits per channel)

Average Column Width:
Single column (for figures 4.23-8.23 cm or 10-20 picas wide)
1 1/2 column (for figures 10.58-12.28cm or 25-29picas wide)
Double column (for figures 12.65-17.1 cm or 30-42 picas wide)

Working in Adobe Photoshop:
Adjusting Colorspace (TIF files)
Check and adjust colorspace by going to the menu and selecting "Image > Mode." Then select RGB, Grayscale or Bitmap*
*Note: If Bitmap is not available, change to Grayscale first, then repeat the same steps to change to Bitmap.

Adjusting Resolution (TIF files)
The resolution of an image is determined by the number of pixels per inch (ppi) printed on a page. When printed, an image with a high resolution contains more, and therefore smaller, pixels than an image with a low resolution. Higher-resolution images can reproduce more detail and subtler color transitions than lower-resolution images because of the density of the pixels in the images.

Check and adjust resolution by going to the menu and selecting "Image > Image Size." Adjust the resolution number in the first field next to "Resolution." Make sure the next field is set at "pixels/inch" (pixels/cm will make the image about twice the size).

Please note: You can't improve a lower-quality image by printing it at a high resolution. Increasing the print resolution of an image doesn't add any pixel information to the image and will result in blurry/poor quality figures.
See: http://art.cadmus.com/da/jim/guidelines.jsp#rez

Adjusting Image Size (TIF files)
The image should be scaled to the size you expect it to be when published. Check and adjust image size by going to the menu and selecting "Image > Image Size."

Image Assembly (TIF files)
Assembling Multi-Piece Images:
When compositing multi-panel images, you should arrange the parts as you wish them to be displayed in print. If you are uncertain of the best layout for the parts, it is preferred that you stack the figures, unless the figure would be too long to fit on one journal page. In this case, place them side-by-side within the allowed column width.
Please keep the following in mind while preparing your figures:

1. The final size of the assembled graphic needs to fit within a 1, 1.5, or 2 column width at 100% of the print size.
2. Make sure each file is the same resolution before compositing separate parts.
3. Text and labels should be added after panels have been sized and assembled.
4. Please use 12 pt Helvetica Medium font for all figure text.
5. Use a 1 pica (4mm) space between parts.

Save and Compress
Once an image has been adjusted to fit all requirements, it is time to save. Even if your figure is already TIF, it is best to "Save As". Note the location and name you give each figure for easy retrieval during the file upload process. Once you have clicked "Save", a second window will open. This will allow you to select an LZW compression. This compression will minimize the file size but won't damage the quality of the image.

* Note: The view of this second window will be different depending on your version of Photoshop.

Troubleshooting Large Images (TIF files)
A single image should not exceed 10 MB (preferably much smaller for faster upload)
Several variables affect file size:

1. The image should be scaled to the size you expect it to be when published. In Photoshop, you can check and adjust this by going to the menu and selecting "Image > Image Size"
2. Color mode should be 8 bits per channel - this applies to both color (RGB) and grayscale. In Photoshop, you can check and adjust this by going to the menu and selecting "Image > Mode"
3. Make sure your image is on a single layer ("Background"), otherwise, you should flatten the image ("Image > Flatten Image").
4. Resolution should be appropriate to the content of the figure - 300dpi for halftones, 600dpi for combination halftones, 1200 dpi for line art. You can read more about color mode and resolution at: http://art.cadmus.com/da/jim/guidelines.jsp#rez
5. After you have made these adjustments, save your TIF file with LZW compression - this reduces file size without diminishing image quality. Detailed instructions are available at: http://art.cadmus.com/da/jim/instructions/ps80_win.jsp#tif

Working in Adobe Illustrator:
Adjusting Colorspace (EPS files)
If an image is meant to be in Grayscale, rather than color, it can be adjusted in two places:

• For imbedded images, select the image, then go to "Object > Rasterize?" Change the Color Model from RGB to Grayscale.

Adjusting Resolution (EPS files)
For EPS images, resolution is not often a factor as this format is considered "resolution-free" and will conform to requirements. But this is only effective if you are using vector graphics (any graphs and diagrams where you can select the different lines and bars individually.)
Consider resolution if you have embedded images:
Select the image, then "Object > Rasterize..?" From here you can lower the resolution to 300 dpi (minimum resolution). See: http://art.cadmus.com/da/jim/guidelines.jsp#rez

Adjusting Image Size (EPS files)
For EPS images, Illustrator will show a rectangular printing box. The image should fit into this box. If it does not, you can either rotate the image or scale it down to fit.
To Rotate: Select the whole image then go to "Object > Transform > Rotate?" and enter either 90 or -90 degrees.
To Scale Down: Select the whole image then go to "Object > Transform > Scale" and enter a percentage below 100 to make the image smaller.

Troubleshooting Large Images (EPS files)
As most EPS files don't need a set resolution or size, the usual cause for a large file would be embedded images, such as scanned or pasted pictures. These embedded images will retain the resolution in which they were created or scanned. See "Adjusting Resolution using Adobe Illustrator" (EPS files)
for how to check that your resolution is appropriate to the content of the figure - 300dpi for halftones, 600dpi for combination halftones and to adjust it if it is not.

In addition, color mode should be RGB or grayscale. In Illustrator, you can check and adjust this by going to the menu and selecting "Filter >Grayscale or RGB"

File Conversion
Converting from PowerPoint or Excel
Even though the Cadmus website lists PowerPoint as a usable file type, The Journal of Immunology does not normally accept files in this format as the resolution is too low for print.
An efficient way of converting images from PowerPoint or Excel is to save the file as a PDF, then open the PDF in Adobe Illustrator or Adobe Photoshop.

Adobe Photoshop will allow you to determine resolution (300-1200 dpi depending on the content of the figure and the desirable color mode (grayscale or RGB). While in Photoshop, go to the menu and click "Layer>Flatten Image", crop away excess white space around the figure, scale it to the correct size and then go to "Save As" to save your image as a TIFF file using LZW compression (not Jpeg or Zip).
Detailed directions for converting using Photoshop are at:
http://art.cadmus.com/da/jim/instructions/ps80_win.jsp

Adobe Illustrator is suggested for Line Art and graphs as you can modify the line thickness (stroke) and text. To prevent font problems, we recommend that you click "Select>Object>Text Object" on the Illustrator menu (this will select all the text), and then go to "Type>Create Outlines". This will convert the text to an image and avoid potential font substitutions. Save images from Adobe Illustrator as EPS files.
Detailed directions for converting using Illustrator are at:
http://art.cadmus.com/da/jim/howto/creating_ai_eps_excell.jsp

Fonts
Unexpected font substitution may occur in the production process when fonts are not embedded, particularly when non-Western characters, Greek or Math symbols are incorporated into the text. This problem is eliminated when unsupported fonts are rasterized into a TIF file, or when unsupported fonts are converted to vector outlines in an EPS file.
Depending on your application, you can "embed" the fonts into your file, or you can convert the fonts into "outlines" (Adobe Illustrator) or "curves" (CorelDRAW).
See: See: http://art.cadmus.com/da/jim/guidelines.jsp#fonts

Preflighting with Rapid Inspector
A preflight service for authors, called Rapid Inspector, is provided to ensure best possible image quality for both online and print versions of the article. Please access Rapid Inspector at:
http://rapidinspector.cadmus.com/zim to make sure the images you submit meet resolution and color requirements.
Please note:

1. Rapid Inspector is a tool to help you determine if figures meet minimum quality standards for production. Rapid Inspector is NOT a method to upload files to The Journal of Immunology.
2. Once you have it installed, Rapid Inspector only requires that you "drag and drop" your files from their folder to anywhere on the open window of Rapid Inspector, as shown below.

   

   An easy way to do this is have Rapid Inspector open on one side of your screen, and have your directory of graphic files on the opposite side of your screen. Then simply drag your files from the graphic folder to anywhere on the Rapid Inspector window.

3. Enter your manuscript number. Rapid Inspector gives you an option of saving the report (File>Save)
4. The column on the left will display the result of your image inspection. If your files failed inspection, Rapid Inspector will state the reason for failure and will suggest ways to correct the file. If you need technical support with Rapid Inspector or questions about digital art, please e-mail infoji@aai.org or call 301-634-7197.
5. For more information about how Rapid Inspector works, go to:
   http://rapidinspector.cadmus.com/RapidInspector/docs/index.html

Back to Common Questions

Many websites suggest you "bookmark" the URL (website address) so you don't need to remember the URL. We suggest the opposite! Always use the link provided in one of your emails (if you have received one), or type the URL into the address bar in your browser. Never use a bookmark, "favorite" (Netscape), shortcut or URL remembered by your browser when you are typing the address. If you use a bookmark, the login page will load correctly, but it may not let you into the site. For security reasons, each session on the system is given a different identifier. Using shortcuts like this refers to a redundant identifier from a previous session, so the system does not let you in. (Internet banks use similar tricks to keep their sites secure, which you would expect, as a customer).

For optimum performance we recommend you use Internet Explorer 5.0 or Netscape 4.7 or above.

Occasionally you may notice that unwanted characters appear in your text in place of the intended text. This is caused by not having the optimal browser character settings. The best advice we can offer to prevent this from happening is to suggest that you make your character settings as broad as possible by choosing a Unicode or ISO character set. By choosing "View" on your browser, then "Encoding", you will be able to see what your browser is currently set to. If you change it to be Unicode or ISO, you have less of a chance of transferring characters our tracking system does not recognize.

Back to Common Questions

Back to Common Questions

The EJPress System is dependent upon the use of cookies in order to track different roles for different logins. Cookies are small harmless files that are sent to your PC by websites. Most computer operating systems are defaulted so that cookies are stored. However, if you have Windows XP the default is such that cookies are blocked. To use this site properly, you will need to unblock this default. Otherwise you will encounter problems with XP compatibility (such as "Unauthorized" messages).

For the best and most up-to-date advice on what to do about your cookie defaults, and for more information about cookies (what they are, how they work) we suggest you look it up on the Microsoft homepage.

Email Submission

We cannot accept email submission for the following reasons:

• This online submission system is part of a larger manuscript tracking system that streamlines editorial workflow and speeds decision-making.
• Decision times are faster because the system is partly automated. Anyone can access a PDF over the Internet. Not everyone will be able to read the files in the format you submit.
• Online submission allows you to get access to status information such as when the manuscript is ready for decision, or when the journal acknowledges receipt of the submission.
• During online submission, the files you submit are converted into screen resolution PDF files for the review process. Approving this conversion gives you assurance that reviewers see the files as you intended them.
• Online submission is becoming the standard across journals in many disciplines. Reviewers and editors are increasingly accustomed to such systems and find them easier to work with.

Manuscript Home Page

People use the Internet phrase "home page" to mean different things. When we use it, we mean the Internet page you are presented with once you have logged into the system, with the pending items, folders, and options presented like a "desktop."

Back to Common Questions

Macintosh and Linux Operating Systems

The EJPress System is fully compatible with Macintosh and Linux OS. We do not have a platform preference.

Passwords

Even if you are new to the system, you may already have a password if your contact details were in the journal's previous database or if you have been asked to review a manuscript. A link from the login page will allow you to access your password. Click on "Unknown/Forgotten Password" and type in your first and last name. If the system recognizes you, it will send your password to your email address from our database. If the system does not recognize your name, you do not have an account. In that case, click on "New Users: Please register here" and provide your contact details.

If you already know your password, but for some reason it is not working, it may be that you have been "locked out." For security reasons, three failed attempts to log into the system will lock you out for a short period of time. You can either try again later, or contact the Editorial Office and ask them to email your password to you.

PDFs

PDF stands for Portable Document Format. It is a standard format for embedded post script documents across all platforms (Macintosh, PC, Linux) and requirements (screen resolution up to print resolution). While developed independently, it is best known through the freely available plug-in products from Adobe.

When you submit your manuscript files online, they are turned into PDF so that editors and reviewers can access the documents on screen over the Internet from whatever platform they use and irrespective of how fast their connection speed is. PDF technology is essential to the operation of the EJPress System because it is universal, and because it converts all files into a reproduction quality good enough for reading on screen and printing from a desktop printer (which is why conversion takes place). To download the reader software for free, click here . You will not need any software to create PDFs as the system does this for you. Please note that you cannot use the online software to create PDFs for any purpose other than as an integral part of manuscript submission.

Please note that our system cannot convert encrypted files. If your file is encrypted we would ask that you please recreate the file without encryption before attempting to submit it electronically. You can check to see if your file is encrypted by looking at the file properties. If you are unable to recreate your file without encryption then you will get an error message.

Checking Conversion and Submission

You may need to check that conversion has been successful (from the link on your desktop when you are prompted) more than once. If ten minutes elapse and you still do not have access to a "PDF" version of each file, conversion has not been successful. This is not likely to happen, but if it does, you should first delete the failed file using the "delete" link below the file in question on your desktop. Then make sure that the system accepts files of the type that you are trying to upload by referring to the dropdown boxes for "file type." If the file you are uploading is not in the dropdown list, then it is likely that you are trying to upload an unsupported file type, in which case you should convert the file to an acceptable format before submitting it. If the file type is correct, try to upload it again, and repeat the conversion process. If this fails, email the journal office and tell them you have had a failed conversion. They will be able to assist with the submission.

Submission has been successful when you can see the PDF reproduced on-screen from the "PDF" link for the file(s).

Back to Common Questions

Post Submission Manuscript Changes

If you realize, after submitting your article, that a file is missing or the wrong file has been uploaded, log into the system, click on the "Live Manuscripts" folder, click on the item you have submitted and then select "Send Manuscript Correspondence." This will send an email to the editorial office with your comments. If the correction is sufficiently important that you want the current submission halted so that you can resubmit, the manuscript can be returned to your online desktop for changes. You do not need to telephone the editorial office or send an email from your own email software. You would not make small changes after submission when submitting by mail, and likewise you should not expect to do so when you submit online. Thus requests for minor changes to text are likely to be disregarded.

Security

All users have to enter a password, or have access to an encrypted URL, to access their part of the system. Encrypted links and passwords are only ever sent to the email addresses of registered users.

Newly registered users receive a random temporary password emailed to the address entered on their registration form. Our system requires them to change the temporary password the next time they login.

The same security checks are in place for users that forget their passwords. The system prompts creation of a new random temporary password through the "Unknown/Forgotten Password?" link on the login page. After accessing this link the user is emailed a new password and required to update it the first time they login.

Users passwords are kept encrypted in a secure SQL database, which is separate from the operating system and protected by an industry-standard firewall. The system does not record an un-encrypted version of the users passwords.

The encrypted URLs our system uses have a checksum mechanism that will reveal any alteration made by tampering with the URL. This ensures that users can only access the information that is meant for them.

Hacking in by guessing passwords through multiple attempts is prevented because the system locks people out after several failed attempts to log in. When an authorized user is logged in, cookies are used to track that user's approved level of access. "Roles" are determined from three pieces of information: the user identity, the manuscript identity, and the type of user (author/reviewer, editor, staff). This allows the system to have a fine-grained security approach. For example, an author on one manuscript may be a reviewer on another manuscript. The system will provide author-level access for the authored manuscript and reviewer-level access for the reviewed manuscript.

We have a three-tier back up procedure; the data and files on our database are backed up every 15 minutes and our web servers and file servers are backed up daily. Mirror copies of our backups are kept in two different locations to allow for disaster recovery.

Reviewers Access to Manuscripts After Review

Generally in paper-based peer review systems the reviewers are asked to destroy or return the manuscript after they have reviewed it. The same restriction is in place on our online tracking system. After submitting their review the reviewer no longer has access to the PDF through our system.

Viruses

The manuscripts are scanned for viruses using industry-standard virus scanning software as part of the submission process. The virus software is updated daily to ensure maximum protection.

Back to Common Questions

How much time will it take to submit online?

Time taken for submission will depend on factors such as how many supporting files there are, how readily available these are from your computer, whether you have all the relevant details to hand (contributing author addresses, for example) and the speed of Internet connection you have. A reminder screen with a checklist of what you should have to hand will appear when you click "Submit Manuscript" on the system desktop. Having these items to hand and having the files ready on your PC will greatly speed up the submission process.

The table below shows the sort of durations to expect when uploading files over the Internet. It is based on an upload speed of 5kbps. Ordinarily (especially in the US, or within institutions) this will be faster:

File Size	Upload Time
20kb file	.04 minutes
500kb file	1 minute
1MB	3 minutes
5MB	17 minutes
10MB	33 minutes

As well as upload time, some extra time (a minute or so) for each file is required so that the "conversion engine" can convert your files into PDF.

Please also see uploading (below), and PDFs.

Back to Common Questions

Uploading

Uploading (opposite to downloading) is sending files from your computer over the Internet. Our system then coverts them to PDF format for you to approve. When you download the PDFs for approval, you should "open from current location" rather than "save to disk" (unless you want to save the screen-resolution PDF files for your own use). This will open the PDF in a new browser window while you are online. The speed of this action depends on your Internet connection speed more than your computer's processor speed. If you "save to disk" and open the PDF later, this is not "downloading" and the speed of this action depends on your PC processor and not the EJPress System.

Back to Common Questions

Bitmap Bitmap is a type of graphical file format that represents images as a set of dots (called "pixels"). Some formats also include compression to reduce file sizes. Bitmap formats are commonly used for photographs and grayscale images. Changing the size of bitmap images can result in changes to the image.

CMYK CMYK stands for Cyan Magenta Yellow Black, the colors used in the printing process. (K is used to avoid confusion with blue.) Files must be submitted in RGB color and the printing vendor will convert to CMYK for print publication.

Compression This is squeezing data into smaller chunks to save disk space and/or download time. GIF and JPEG are both file formats that use compression. There are a variety of techniques but they normally rely on substituting/removing repeating strings of data.There are some utilities that allow for any files to be compressed. Examples of these are Stuffit for Macintosh and WinZip for Windows PCs.

DPI Stands for dots per inch. DPI specifies the resolution of an output device, such as a computer screen or a printer, or an input device such as a scanner.

EPS Encapsulated Postscript. This is a file format that uses math to describe images rather than dots to describe images. EPS is a subset of Postscript with some structural conventions. This format is useful for printing fine detail and will allow scaling of images to any size without loss of quality. Unlike Postscript, an EPS file often contains a preview of the image that will allow it to be viewed in a page-layout progam. Generally, an EPS file cannot be edited except by the software program that created it. This is often referred to as vector artwork.

Export To save a file in a different format. For example, many Adobe Photoshop files can be exported to become GIF or JPEG files.

File format A set of instructions that describe how to store, access, or transmit digital information. Being able to match the format of data created in one program to what can be opened by another is the basis for file compatibility.

GIF GIF stands for Graphic Interchange Format. Its resolution is not adequate for print production, so we advise you not to send us figures in this format.

Grayscale This is an image made up of 256 different shades of gray.

Half-tone This is the "breaking up" of images into dots so that they can be printed by the four-color process (CMYK). The effect can be clearly seen when you look closely at a large billboard poster.

Hard copy This refers to high-quality images that can be electronically scanned to be positioned within an electronic page-layout program such as QuarkXpress. Hard copy does not refer to CD-ROMs, floppy disks or computer hard drives.

JPEG Stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group who wanted smaller files to transmit "down the wire." JPEG files lose information each time they are saved so it is advisable only to save a file as a JPEG once.

Layers This is a feature found in many graphics programs, such as Adobe Photoshop. It allows parts of an image (including text) to be created and moved independently. It is similar in concept to sheets of acetate placed on top of each other. They can be combined (flattened) to produce a one-layer image or the layers can be kept intact so that they can be edited later.

Line Art An image that requires sharp edges and high contrast between areas of the image that have ink and those areas that do not. These images require a higher resolution to create the sharpness that is necessary. This is generally in Postscript or EPS format.

PICT PICT is another type of bitmap format. PICT has been around since the early days of the Apple Macintosh and does not contain the complex information needed for print production. Thus we do not accept figures in PICT format.

Postscript A page description programming language created by Adobe that is a device-independent industry standard for outputting documents and graphics. The key feature of PostScript is device independence, allowing different output devices from different manufacturers, which may not be compatible through any other means, to print the same file in more or less the same way.

Resolution Resolution is the number of dots within a given area, usually (square) inches. This measure of image quality only applies to bitmap images. Low resolution can cause a jagged appearance to lines and contours. Generally a file that is 72 dots per inch (DPI, same as pixels per inch) will be suitable for viewing on screen, but will appear fuzzy when printed out. A file at 150 DPI will be ideal for printing on a desktop printer, and a file at 300-600 DPI will be suitable for professional printing. When you upload your files, our system converts them to PDF. We optimize the resolution for screen and desktop printer use, as needed for the review process. We also keep your original files in case higher-resolution images are requested. We do not routinely use high-resolution files during the review process because these can take a long time to download from the Internet. If you are using Adobe Photoshop, the image resolution can be found in the "Image Size" dialogue box under the "Image" menu. Pixels per inch is the same as DPI. LPI is Lines Per Inch. The measurement for LPI is always exactly half that of DPI. Hence 300 dpi is equal to 150 lpi.

RGB Stands for Red, Green, Blue. This is the color process used by computer displays. RGB color is very different from CMYK color. The number of colors that can be generated by RGB mode is much larger than can be generated by CMYK. PLEASE NOTE: although graphics created and saved in RGB may look good on your monitor, they can never be used in print products. Files must be submitted in RGB color and the printing vendor will convert to CMYK for print publication.

RTF Stands for Rich Text Format. It is a generic format which acts like an embedded file format. In other words it carries more information than plain text (TXT). It keeps record of bold text, italics, the font used, paragraphs. A file saved in RTF from Word Perfect will transport to Word and retain most of its formatting.

Screen Resolution "Screen Resolution" is a phrase commonly used in two main scenarios. On computers, the phrase is used to describe the quality of the display on your monitor. In modern systems you can set this from anything between 256 colors to "True Color" (thousands of colors). In the publishing industry, "screen resolution" is used to differentiate between files suitable just for viewing on a PC monitor, files suitable for printing out on a desktop printer, and files suitable for sending to press. Suitability is determined by the DPI (dots per inch) in a file. Generally a file that is 72dpi will be suitable for viewing on screen, but will be fuzzy when printed out. A file at 150dpi will be ideal for printing on a desktop printer, and a file at 300 - 600dpi will be suitable for sending to press. When you upload your original files, they are converted to PDF. We optimize the DPI resolution for screen and desktop printer use - the two functions most required of files in the review process. We also keep your originals so that, if your paper is accepted, and you submitted high-resolution artwork, we can use these to send straight to the printer (saves time). We would not want to use high-resolution files during the review process because these can take a long time for editors and reviewers to download from the Internet (also saves time).

TIFF or TIF Stands for Tagged Image File Format. This is a bitmap format that is the most commonly used in professional printing. It is quite versatile and can contain color information as Grayscale, RGB or CMYK. There are also built-in compression techniques that allow them to take up relatively little disk space.

Video Some journals accept the submission of video files in support of manuscripts. If the journal you are submitting to accepts video, you see it on the submission form (there will be an option to select how many video files you want to upload. If there is no option for this, then the journal does not accept video submission). Video is normally in one of the more common video filetypes such as .mov or .mpeg.

Back to the top

Please press HOME to continue.